納迪婭?穆拉德：從戰爭囚奴到諾貝爾和平獎獲得者 Nadia Murad survived the worst cruelties inflicted on her people, the Yazidis of Iraq, before becoming a global champion of their cause and winning the Nobel Peace Prize. On October 5, Murad and Congolese doctor Denis Mukwege were jointly awarded the prize for their “efforts to end the use of sexual violence as a weapon of war.” The 25-year-old Murad becomes the first Iraqi to win the Nobel Peace Prize. She once lived a quiet life in her village in the mountainous Yazidi stronghold of Sinjar in northern Iraq, close to the border with Syria. But when the so-called Islamic State jihadist group stormed across swathes of the two countries in 2014, her fate changed forever and her nightmare began. One day in August that year, pick-up trucks bearing the black flag of the jihadists swept into her village, Kocho. IS fighters set about killing the men, taking children captive to train them as fighters and condemning thousands of women to a life of forced labor and sexual slavery. Today, Murad and her friend Lamia Haji Bashar, joint recipients of the E.U.’s 2016 Sakharov human rights prize, continue the fight for the 3,000 Yazidis who remain missing, presumed still in captivity. IS fighters wanted “to take our honor, but they lost their honor,” said Murad, now a United Nations goodwill ambassador for survivors of human trafficking. It is an evil she personally experienced during a harrowing three months. After being captured by IS fighters, Murad was taken by force to Mosul, the de facto “capital” of the IS’s self-declared caliphate. During her ordeal she was held captive and repeatedly gang-raped, tortured and beaten. The jihadists organized slave markets for selling off the women and girls, and Yazidi women were forced to renounce their religion. For the jihadists, with their ultra-strict interpretation of Islam, the Yazidis are seen as heretics. Like thousands of Yazidis, Murad was forcibly married to a jihadist, beaten and forced to wear makeup and tight clothes. “The first thing they did was they forced us to convert to Islam,” Murad said. Shocked by the violence, Murad set about trying to escape, and managed to flee with the help of a Muslim family from Mosul. Armed with false identity papers, she managed to cross the few dozen kilometers to Iraqi Kurdistan, joining crowds of other displaced Yazidis in camps. There, she learned that six of her brothers and her mother had been killed. With the help of an organization that assists Yazidis, she joined her sister in Germany, where she lives today. She has since dedicated herself to what she calls “our people’s fight,” becoming a well-known spokeswoman even before the #MeToo movement swept the world. The Yazidis numbered around 550,000 in Iraq before 2014, but some 100,000 have since left the country. Many others have fled and remain in Iraqi Kurdistan, reluctant to return to their traditional lands. Slight and softly-spoken, Murad has now become a global voice, campaigning for justice for her people and for the acts committed by the jihadists to be recognized internationally as genocide. And she and the Yazidis have won a high-profile supporter — Lebanese-British lawyer and rights activist Amal Clooney, who also penned the foreword to Murad’s book, “The Last Girl,” published in 2017. The same year, the U.N. Security Council committed to helping Iraq gather evidence of IS crimes. (SD-Agencies) | 